Here's a recently published research report that's been given a somewhat whimsical title:

quote “H” is not for hydroxychloroquine—“H” is for heparin: lack of efficacy of hydroxychloroquine and the role of heparin in COVID-19—preliminary data of a prospective and interventional study from Brazil

Whimsicality: you don't see that everywhere you look in these specialist's publications. What's the inspiration here? Dr Seuss? Alfred Hitchcock?



Oh, about that journal article... published just a few days ago...

“H” is not for hydroxychloroquine—“H” is for heparin: lack of efficacy of hydroxychloroquine and the role of heparin in COVID-19—preliminary data of a prospective and interventional study from Brazil
Renata de Oliveira Costa, et al, for BMC Infectious Diseases; February 4, 2022.
https://link.springer.com/a...6/s12879-022-07110-1

quote This study confirmed the absence of a benefit associated with the use of HCQ [hydroxychloroquine] in Brazilian patients hospitalized with COVID-19. However, prophylactic or therapeutic heparin was an independent predictor for reducing mortality in this population.

FWIW

Maybe that's what Trump was reaching for all along: Heparin. It was next to Hydroxychloroquine in his Rolodex, and he just . . .

[This message has been edited by rinselberg (edited 02-09-2022).]

THIS JUST IN

"Pulmonary Delivery of Aerosolized Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine to Treat COVID-19: In Vitro Experimentation to Human Dosing Predictions."

Kolli AR, et al; AAPS (American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists) Journal; February 7, 2022.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35132508/

ABSTRACT

quote In vitro screening for pharmacological activity of existing drugs showed chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine to be effective against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Oral administration of these compounds to obtain desired pulmonary exposures resulted in dose-limiting systemic toxicity in humans. However, pulmonary drug delivery enables direct and rapid administration to obtain higher local tissue concentrations in target tissue. In this work, inhalable formulations for thermal aerosolization of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine were developed, and their physicochemical properties were characterized. Thermal aerosolization of 40 mg/mL chloroquine and 100 mg/mL hydroxychloroquine formulations delivered respirable aerosol particle sizes with 0.15 and 0.33 mg per 55 mL puff, respectively. In vitro toxicity was evaluated by exposing primary human bronchial epithelial cells to aerosol generated from Vitrocell. An in vitro exposure to 7.24 μg of chloroquine or 7.99 μg hydroxychloroquine showed no significant changes in cilia beating, transepithelial electrical resistance, and cell viability. The pharmacokinetics of inhaled aerosols was predicted by developing a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model that included a detailed species-specific respiratory tract physiology and lysosomal trapping. Based on the model predictions, inhaling emitted doses comprising 1.5 mg of chloroquine or 3.3 mg hydroxychloroquine three times a day may yield therapeutically effective concentrations in the lung. Inhalation of higher doses further increased effective concentrations in the lung while maintaining lower systemic concentrations. Given the theoretically favorable risk/benefit ratio, the clinical significance for pulmonary delivery of aerosolized chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine to treat COVID-19 needs to be established in rigorous safety and efficacy studies.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST STATEMENT

quote The authors... have patent applications pending on pharmaceutical composition comprising chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine and uses thereof. All authors are employees of Philip Morris International.

[This message has been edited by rinselberg (edited 02-11-2022).]