I'm no expert but there are an awful lot, more than four. And you'll find opinions. I use blue for most things.
These are the four common automotive use though:

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Loctite® Purple Threadlocker
Ever have the fasteners on your eyeglasses begin to loosen or need to repair your laptop computer? Loctite® 222™ is a threadlocker that specializes in these small fastener assemblies, typically under 1/4″. The biggest benefits of this threadlocker are that it can be easily applied to small fasteners, will lock and seal out moisture, but can be gently removed with the same hand tool you used to assemble the fasteners.
Why would you want an ‘easily removable’ threadlocker? Often times smaller fasteners are used on assemblies that are very delicate. This threadlocker gives you the option to still reliably hold your assembly together, but if you ever feel the need to remove them, it won’t take a large amount of torque that could potentially damage the overall assembly. In fact, this threadlocker is so versatile, Kelly Matson wrote an entire post about it last year; When and Why to Use Purple Threadlocker.
2.
Loctite® Blue Threadlocker
The number one product to keep in your garage is by far Loctite® 243™ Medium Strength Threadlocker. It is higher strength than Loctite® 222™, but still can be removed using standard hand tools.
The number of times Loctite® Medium Strength Blue Removable Threadlockers have come in handy around my house is countless! Over the winter months, my front door begins to loosen up from harsh winds and everyday use. One of my common projects is to tighten everything up when this happens. Here’s how it unfolds:
1.Lay out newspapers for easy cleanup.
2.Remove one of the screws that connect the front and back of the knob/handle with a screwdriver.
3.Now break out my favoirite blue threadlocker, Loctite® 243™ Medium Strength Threadlocker. Apply one drop on the threads of the removed screw and roll the screw until the adhesive is coated around the threads.
4.Replace the screw in its proper hole.
5.Repeat until all your screws are securely in place once again.
Loctite® blue threadlockers are designed to be removable, meaning the assembly can be taken apart with the same tools it was put together with. The blue threadlockers are not meant to add strength to an assembly, but to prevent a tight assembly from vibrating loose.
Want more info on blue threadlockers? Read Blue Threadlocker Basics.
3.
Loctite® Red Threadlocker
Your average lawn mower or snow blower is full of vibration, this vibration is a torqued assemblies worst nightmare. The best use of red threadlocker is for areas of heavy vibration.
Our lawn and garden equipment generally sees a lot of abuse, especially the equipment that sees the winter months. I would recommend using a High Strength Red Threadlocker for some key areas such as the bolts that hold the motor to the deck of a snow blower or lawn mower. In these situations, specifically a product like Loctite® 271™ High Strength Threadlocker works best. Simply apply Loctite® 271™ to the nut and bolt, reassemble, and it will not only protect the fasteners from corrosion, but lock them in place to help resist shock, vibration, and temperature variance.
What do I do if I ever need to take these fasteners apart? Depending on the size of the bolt, you may have to apply localized heat to soften the threadlocker in order to remove it with hand tools. To learn how, read How to Remove Red Threadlocker.
4.
Loctite® Green Threadlocker
Ever have an assembly that’s already been put together but they forgot to use threadlocker on the fasteners? Loctite® 290™ Wicking Grade Threadlocker is specifically designed for those projects that the fasteners are already in place and torqued down, but you want to add more reliability. Simply place the tip of the threadlocker bottle at the interface of the nut and bolt (or bolt and blind hole) and apply a few drops. The product has the ability to wick in between the thread engagement, fully cure within 24hrs, then lock and seal for the life of your assembly…all WITHOUT having to take the fasteners apart during application. I use this product on a number of applications, including bikes, instrumentation screws and carburetors."
http://henkeladhesivesna.co...ctite-threadlockers/
[This message has been edited by 2.5 (edited 12-15-2016).]